kinds of translation

Larson (1998, page 15) divide the kinds of translation into two types, they are :

1. Literal Translation is a form-based translation attempting to follow the form of the source language.
2. Idiomatic translation is the meaning-based translation that makes every effort to communicate the meaning of the source language text in the natural form of the receptor language.

but, Newmark (1991, page 39) wrote the types of the translation are :

1. communicative translation, attempts to produce on its readers an effect as close as possible to that obtained on the readers of the original.
2. semantic translation attempts to render, as closely as the semantics and syntactic structure of the second language allow. the ex exact contextual meaning of the original.

Translation Definition

Translation is a phenomenon that has ahuge effect on everyday life (Hatim and Munday/2004, page 3)

The first of these two sense relates to translation as a process, the second, to the product. the first sense focusd on the role of the translator in talking the original or source text (ST) and turning it into a text another language (the target text,,TT )

The second sense centers on the concrete translation the product produce by the translator.

Machali (2000. page 60) noted that ttranslation is an perational performed on languages : a procces of subtitusing a text in one language for a text in another.

Larson (1998. page 3) state that " translation is basically a change of form. in translation , the form of the source language is replaced by the form of receptor (target) language. it can be concluded that translation is a process of trensferring the meaning of the source language into the target language.